Forschung-Direkt

Avoid being accused of plagiarism, which include copying another’s work, paraphrasing or summarising without acknowledgement, colluding with other people and presenting either identical or very similar essays

So what does referencing include?

A. In-text citations, which can take three forms:

Paraphrasing, in which you keep the original author’s >B. A reference list at the end of one’s essay, which includes details such as for instance:

• Author(s)
• Date of publication
• Title
• Publisher and place of publication (for books)
• Journal name, volume and issue (for journals)
• Internet address or doi (digital object >
  Referencing is integral to academic essay writing and shouldn’t be viewed as an ‘add-on’. You ensure 100% accuracy when you are referencing, always use a referencing guide to help.

Normally, when writing an essay at university you will be likely to only use academic sources. The following learning guide on source credibility will help you to see whether an external source is academic or otherwise not.

The APA is used by the chocolate essay design of referencing, that will be an easy task to distinguish through the Harvard Author-Date System, because the format is different:

attempt to achieve a balance between both forms of in text-references in your essay writing.

Reference list

When you look at the APA style of referencing, the reference list has conventions that are certain you need to also follow. Check out examples from the chocolate essay:

Don’t make referencing something you do in the same way an proofreading or editing activity. Include your citations that are in-text reference list in your first draft.

An excellent website to help with your APA referencing could be the APA Interactive tool at Massey University.

Leave yourself the full time to glance at your essay more than once. For a 1000 word essay you want at the very least three days to redraft your essay.

Always save each draft as a separate file; then you can observe how your essay develops and improves.

Here are the kinds of questions you really need to ask yourself:

You may glance at other checklists such as this one on editing your own work.

Let’s see how the author of the chocolate essay redrafted their original introduction:

Now compare the above mentioned using the draft that is final

Since Spanish explorers brought back chocolate through the “” new world “”, chocolate consumption has grown to become a phenomenon that is worldwide. At first, chocolate, a derivative of this cacao bean, was consumed as a drink, only later achieving mass popularity in tablet or bar form. However, chocolate’s popularity that is inherent not equate to it possessing healthy properties, as suggested by the title. The realities of chocolate tend to be more down to earth; a number of these realities is likely to be addressed in this article. Chocolate has chemical properties that may influence mood and there is evidence that is possible some positive impacts of chocolate on cardiovascular health. Yet, such attributes that are positive counterbalanced somewhat because of the argument that, in some instances, chocolate may very well be a drug as opposed to a food. Moreover, there is the probability of some correlation between over-consumption of obesity and chocolate. Thus, it is argued that despite chocolate’s effect that is positive some cases on mood plus the cardiovascular system it has additionally been connected to addiction and obesity.

Spend some time and become careful when redrafting—it shall be worth every penny!

How do you write in an way that is academic?

Your lecturers would want to hear your ‘voice’ as they read your essay.

Imagine your essay as a kind of story. You will be the principal storyteller, the inner voice regarding the writer, leading your reader right through to your conclusion.

Through the story, you can find different voices that appear from time to time. They are the external voices (citations) that add substance to your story, providing detail and support for just what you will be saying or even giving an alternative perspective. The external essay writer voices can be divided into two categories in your essay: the direct external voice of an author (through a direct quote) while the indirect external voice of an author (through a paraphrase).

The reader needs to know after all right times whose voice they’ve been hearing. Can it be your internal voice or perhaps the external voice of other authors?

You may wonder how you can include your own personal voice but still sound academic while you are currently talking about a subject area in that you’ve little (or no) knowledge. As well as your voice doesn’t mean that you need to say ‘I think’ or ‘in my opinion’.

Below are a few samples of the critical/analytical language you present other people’s ideas that you can use as your own internal voice when:

if you are drafting your paragraphs, use a system that is colour-coding usually the one used here. It will help you ensure your academic voice is clear!

You will gradually expand the language of your critical internal voice when you get more confident in using external sources. The Phrasebank website at Manchester University provides examples of even more expressions to use when assessing sources that are external.

Editing focuses on the picture that is big such as for instance overall structure, appropriate paragraphing and perhaps the question happens to be answered.

Proofreading has a micro-focus on the information of your essay, such as formatting, grammar and punctuation.

Everybody has their very own style that is personal of and proofreading. You ought to concentrate on the forms of errors you make by looking commonly in the marker’s comments on your previous work.

Some people proofread alone; some get other people involved. Having others involved is a idea that is really good.